01154188

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/2187-18

http://scholar.google.com...rsoo&publication_year=2010

There is growing recognition of the negative effects of rapid suburbanization, also known as urban sprawl, which has dominated the development of urban areas for the past several decades. Both land use and transportation policies have contributed to this form of development, creating communities devoid of nearby services and with a characterless urban form and dependence on automobiles for travel. To address these issues, urban planners, architects, developers, and policy makers are considering form-based codes to guide and regulate urban development that creates complete and compact neighborhoods. Whereas form-based codes address urban form and land use, this study focuses on how parking requirements inhibit or support efforts to reduce urban sprawl and automobile dependency. Form-based codes are growing in popularity, and this paper investigates specifically parking policies in these types of land use regulations. This study finds that parking policies in the Miami 21 form-based code and Duany Plater–Zyberk’s SmartCode do not offer a greatly different approach to parking than conventional zoning ordinances. The findings show that these codes have not fully embraced solutions from parking critics to address the issues of urban sprawl and automobile dependency. Both codes include some marginal improvements to existing parking policies but do not maximize the potential form-based codes offer to include more progressive solutions to reduce automobile dependency by limiting excesses in parking requirements. This paper recommends that future form-based codes integrate more progressive parking policy solutions to reduce automobile dependency and urban sprawl.

01329024

10-2818

English

pp 138-145

2010

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

9780309160605

Print

Maps (2) ; References (17) ; Tables (2)

Automobile travel; City planning; Land use; Parking; Parking demand; Parking facilities; Urban areas; Urban development; Urban sprawl; Zoning

Automobile dependency; Form-based codes; Parking policy

Highways; Planning and Forecasting; Policy; I72: Traffic and Transport Planning

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Jan 25 2010 11:23AM

• Addressing Equity in Political Debates over Road Pricing: Lessons from Recent Projects
• Carsharing Parking Policy: Review of North American Practices and San Francisco, California, Bay Area Case Study
• Congestion Pricing on Highways in Chicago, Illinois: What Do Drivers Think?
• Consideration of Congestion Pricing and Managed Lanes in Metropolitan Transportation Planning
• Economic Incentives to Influence Drivers’ Route Choices for Safety Enhancement: A Win–Win Situation
• Experience with Pass-Through Tolling Agreements in Texas
• Flexible-Term Highway Concessions: How Can They Work Better?
• Freight and Passenger Modeling Using Hybrid Econometric–Network Models
• Impact of Network Improvement on Revenue Performance and Bonding Costs of Toll Roads
• Influence of Parking Policy on Built Environment and Travel Behavior in Two New England Cities, 1960 to 2007
• Making Congestion Pricing Equitable
• Markets for Dynamic Ridesharing? Case of Berkeley, California
• Methodology of Impact Fees Emphasizing Vehicle Miles Traveled
• Quantitative Analysis of Impacts of Moving Toward a Vehicle Mileage-Based User Fee
• Sustaining the Momentum: Olympics as Potential Catalyst for Enhancing Urban Transport
• Tale of Two Ecosuburbs in Freiburg, Germany: Encouraging Transit and Bicycle Use by Restricting Parking Provision
• Tax Increment Financing as a Value Capture Strategy in Funding Transportation
• Value of Travel Time Estimation Using Hierarchical Bayesian Mixed Logit Approach: Toll Facilities in New York and New Jersey