01127355

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/2137-07

http://scholar.google.com...+Han&publication_year=2009

This paper advocates the importance of selecting appropriate measures of effectiveness (MOE) for evacuation planning and optimization purposes. In addition to evacuation time, which is often the choice MOE used by many practitioners, this paper also presents several increasingly more complex and useful MOEs that consider average evacuee travel time, delay, and temporal–spatial-based exposure risks. By studying a real-world transportation network in the event of a hypothetical nuclear power plant incident, the paper demonstrates that the superiority of one evacuation plan (or an optimization strategy) over others is highly dependent on the MOE selected for evaluation. Optimization efforts based on a single and ill-chosen MOE may not yield the best evacuation plan, as one might expect. The overall space-based or time- and space-based risk exposure may be increased if the optimization process is focused on travel time or some other time-based measure alone. Depending on the specifics of an emergency scenario (e.g., disaster type, risk components, and time constraints), an appropriate MOE should be chosen judiciously to make sure the optimization process for the evacuation plan is not wasted. This paper also demonstrates a multiobjective optimization approach for planning and designing an evacuation plan. With combined space-based risk and the travel time in route searching and traffic assignment, better destination assignment (and improved evacuation efficiency) may be obtained. The findings here should provide insights for future efforts toward assessing, improving, and optimizing evacuation plans.

01149179

09-2899

English

pp 54-62

2009

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

9780309142700

Print

Figures (3) ; Maps (2) ; References (15) ; Tables (1)

Case studies; Disaster preparedness; Disasters and emergency operations; Evacuation; Measures of effectiveness; Optimization; Risk analysis; Strategic planning; Travel time

Time space constraints

Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Planning and Forecasting; Security and Emergencies; I72: Traffic and Transport Planning; I73: Traffic Control

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Jan 30 2009 7:16PM

• Applicability of FHWA Crash Prediction Module to Selecting Candidate Locations for Safety Audits of Two-Lane Rural Highways
• Development of a Strategic Hurricane Evacuation–Dynamic Traffic Assignment Model for the Houston, Texas, Region
• Effective Usage of Harmful Events Data in Transportation Safety Management
• Enhancing the Safety of Pedestrians During Emergency Egress: Can We Learn from Biological Entities?
• Evaluation of Relocation Strategies for Emergency Medical Service Vehicles
• Field Studies of Operations and Conflicts in Drop-Off–Pick-Up Zones
• Integrating Measures for Business Continuity and Transportation Demand Management to Ensure Regional Emergency Preparedness and Mobility
• National Traffic Safety Index
• Optimal Allocation of Emergency Response Service Units to Cover Critical Infrastructures with Time-Dependent Service Demand and Travel Time
• Prioritizing Patients for Evacuation from a Health-Care Facility
• Rural Preparedness for Traffic Control in Agricultural Emergencies
• School Bus Routing Problem in Large-Scale Networks: New Approach Utilizing Tabu Search on a Case Study in Developing Countries
• Security and Mobility of Intermodal Freight Networks: Evaluation Framework for Simulation and Assignment
• Understanding and Mapping Elements of Urban Form That Affect Children's Ability to Walk and Bicycle to School: Case Study of Two Tampa Bay, Florida, Counties
• Vulnerability Assessment Methodology for Swiss Road Network