00172414

Component

http://onlinepubs.trb.org...s/trr/1977/631/631-006.pdf

https://scholar.google.co...chen&publication_year=1977

A water-reuse concept for flushing toilets was developed, and this concept was evaluated by using a bench-scale model. Two recycling systems for flushing fluids, namely, the water recycling system and the mineral oil system are described. A recycling system that is now in operation in Virginia can be added directly to rest areas that are already equipped with extended aeration biological treatment. Approximately 90 to 95 percent of the water at use at rest areas is for flushing toilets, and extended aeration followed by sand filtration produces a water of sufficient quality for this purpose. The conceptual flow scheme (illustrated in a figure) is based on the known performance of the extended-aeration system with high dissolved solids and the acceptability of applying settled extended-aeration effluent to sand-filler. The bench-scale system used to study the recycle and use of wastewater included extended aeration followed by sedimentation and sand filtration. The sand filtration and recycling would be the only modifications necessary for the conversion of a conventional extended-aeration system to a water recylce-and-reuse system. Water from water fountains and lavatories can provide the 5 to 10 percent of additional water necessary to ensure a steady state dissolved-solids composition in the water. The treatment described here is applicable to areas with dificient water supplies, and to areas where there are water disposal problems.

Publication of this paper sponsored by Committee on Hydrology, Hydraulics, and Water Quality. Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved

01411477

pp 37-39

1977

Transportation Research Record

0309026563

Print

Figures (1) ; References (2) ; Tables (1)

Aeration; Biodeterioration; Biological materials; Evaluation; Fillers (Materials); Filters; Flushing; Mathematical models; Recycling; Roadside rest areas; Sand; Sewage treatment; Water

Models

Design; Highways; Maintenance and Preservation; Terminals and Facilities

TRIS, TRB

Apr 12 1978 12:00AM

• ASPECTS OF SPIRAL TRANSITION CURVE DESIGN
• CHARACTERISTICS OF TRUCKS OPERATING ON GRADES
• COMMUNICATIVE ASPECTS IN HIGHWAY DESIGN
• COMPUTERIZED MAPPING AND RECORD SYSTEMS FOR UTILITIES
• CONTROL OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING: THE GEORGIA EXPERIENCE
• COORDINATING UTILITY RELOCATIONS AS A FUNCTION OF STATE HIGHWAY AGENCIES
• DESIGN OF BARREL TRAILER FOR MAXIMUM COLLISION PROTECTION
• DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR UNCASED NATURAL-GAS PIPELINE CROSSINGS OF ROADS AND HIGHWAYS
• DEVELOPMENT AND FIELD TESTING OF A NEW LOCATOR FOR BURIED PLASTIC AND METAL UTILITY LINES
• ELIMINATING VEHICLE ROLLOVERS ON TURNED-DOWN GUARDRAIL TERMINALS
• EVALUATION OF CONCRETE SAFETY SHAPES BY CRASH TESTS WITH HEAVY VEHICLES
• NEW CONCEPTS IN DESIGN-SPEED APPLICATION
• REST-AREA WASTEWATER TREATMENT
• Simplified Method for Design of Curb-Opening Inlets
• STANDARD COLOR MARKINGS FOR UNDERGROUND FACILITIES
• UPGRADING SAFETY PERFORMANCE BY RETROFITTING BRIDGE-RAILING SYSTEMS