00453120

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http://onlinepubs.trb.org...trr/1985/1019/1019-001.pdf

https://scholar.google.co...+Eck&publication_year=1985

Large quantities of strong salt brines are often produced as by-products during extraction of oil and gas. The potential use of waste brines as replacements for conventional sodium and calcium chlorides in highway deicing and in dust control and stabilization was evaluated in laboratory testing. From various geologic formations and depths of the central Appalachian region, 49 samples of brine were collected and analyzed to establish brine quality and variability and to examine potential environmental problems. Analytical testing was carried out for general parameters such as total dissolved solids, pH, and conductivity and for major, minor, and trace constituents. Major constituents of Appalachian brines were chlorides, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and potassium. A variety of minor and trace constituents were noted in the brines, including iron, sulfate, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, and ammonia. In most cases, concentrations of the minor constituents were not significant; however, certain formations in a given geographical area were found to contain elevated levels of certain components. Brines from different formations had significantly different concentrations of minor and trace constituents. Stability tests showed that brines will not form crystals in closed storage tanks. The constituents of the natural brines were compared with those of conventional deicing agents. The brines were generally higher in iron, zinc, and barium, whereas the conventional chemicals were higher in chrome and cadmium. It was concluded that there are significant quantities of natural brines from the central Appalachian region that are suitable for highway applications.

Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Publication of this paper sponsored by Committee on Winter Maintenance.

01419399

pp 1-8

1985

Transportation Research Record

0309039088

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References (20) ; Tables (9)

Brines; Chemical analysis; Deicers (Equipment); Dust control; Environmental impacts; Laboratory tests

Deicers

Design; Environment; Geotechnology; Highways; Maintenance and Preservation; Materials; Vehicles and Equipment; I62: Winter Maintenance

TRIS, TRB

May 31 1986 12:00AM

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