01628224

Component

This work aims to study the factors such as driver's characteristics, environmental conditions, and vehicle's characteristics, that affecting different crash types with a special focus on distraction parameters. For this purpose, distraction factors are divided into five groups of cellphone usage, cognitive distractions, passengers distracting the driver, outside events attracting the driver’s attention, and in-vehicle activities. The crash types are divided into two main groups, single-vehicle crashes, and two-vehicle crashes. Single-vehicle crashes include run-off-road crashes, collision with a fixed object or parked vehicle, and collision with a pedestrian (animal). Two-vehicle crashes include rear-end crashes, head-on crashes, angular crashes, sideswipe crashes in opposite direction and also in the same direction. This study takes the crashes occurred in the USA into accounts. Due to the essence of alternatives and the probable correlation in the unobserved error term, the Nested Logit model is developed. The results of model illustrate that all of the aforementioned distraction-related factors increase the probability of run-off-road crashes, collision with a fixed object, and rear-end crashes. Cognitive distraction increases the probability of collision with a pedestrian. Distractions caused by passengers or out-of-vehicle events increase the probability of sideswipe crashes.

This paper was sponsored by TRB committee ANB20 Standing Committee on Safety Data, Analysis and Evaluation.

01618707

17-06836

English

19p

2017

Transportation Research Board 96th Annual Meeting

Digital/other

Figures; References (34) ; Tables

Attention lapses; Crash causes; Crash characteristics; Distraction; Drivers; Mathematical models

Highways; Safety and Human Factors

Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting 2017 Paper #17-06836

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Dec 8 2016 12:49PM