Abstract:
The “streets for all” concept has been widely applied for several years in France. This concept aims at establishing a more balanced use of public space, by promoting active modes of transportation and reducing the prominence of cars. One of the main achievements of embracing this concept has been the implementation of traffic calming measures in designated areas; these include pedestrian zones and pedestrian priority zones, which have been institutionalized by the Street Use Code decree in 2008. In the meantime, the renewal of tramways is happening in many large French cities; generally crossing city centers, most French tramway networks partially encroach upon significant pedestrian areas. Various contexts and causes may lead to this situation. However, in all cases, some adaptations of the configuration and ways of operating are required to make tramways successful and safe for all users. The particular status of streetcars in regard to road rules is an advantage; however, some other key factors have been identified as facilitating the smooth insertion of streetcars within such areas. Among these factors, a clear identification of the gauge limits and the effective removal of car traffic in such zones are essential. When this is achieved, insertion of tramways may indeed be successfully implemented in various configurations of downtown pedestrian zones.
