01550163

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/2490-08

Microscopic pedestrian simulation tools have gained increased attention and popularity in recent years. These are essential tools in planning and designing crowd-gathering places and public buildings. For increased reliability of such tools, they must be calibrated against reliable empirical data for a variety of situations. Detailed empirical studies could serve this purpose while providing insight into microscopic pedestrian flow characteristics under different conditions. A major gap in the knowledge is that no substantial research has examined the effects of elevated desired speeds and change in desired walking direction on collective behaviors of pedestrians. With experimental data collected under different walking conditions, this study evaluates the effects of elevated desired walking speed and change in desired walking direction on collective movements of pedestrians. Qualitative and quantitative empirical analyses suggest that larger deviations in microscopic and macroscopic characteristics can be expected at elevated desired speed levels compared with normal desired speed. Therefore, existing models that have been calibrated and validated for normal walking conditions may not be suitable for predicting collective behaviors when the desired walking speed is higher (e.g., evacuation, panic). Results obtained from these empirical studies could be beneficial for calibration and validation of the explanatory models so that those models could be applied to predict consequences under a wider range of situations.

01582745

15-1214

English

pp 65–75

2015

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

9780309369206

Print

Figures (10) ; Photos; References (43)

Behavior; Evacuation; Mathematical models; Microscopic traffic flow; Pedestrian flow; Pedestrian movement; Pedestrians; Speed; Traffic flow; Traffic simulation; Walking

Operations and Traffic Management; Pedestrians and Bicyclists; Planning and Forecasting; Safety and Human Factors; Security and Emergencies; I83: Accidents and the Human Factor

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Dec 30 2014 12:29PM

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• Empirical Estimation of Desired Speed Distributions for Microscopic Traffic Simulation
• Fitting Time Headway–Vehicle Speed Bivariate Distributions: Operational Procedure for Two-Way Two-Lane Roads
• Fuzzy Cellular Automata Models for Crowd Movement Dynamics at Signalized Pedestrian Crossings
• Halphen Distribution System, Toolbox for Modeling Travel Time Variability: Some Insights from Mesoscopic Simulation
• Impacts of Different Angles and Speeds on Behavior of Pedestrian Crowd Merging
• Left-Lane Changes in Laterally Unbalanced Traffic: Estimating Number of Lane Changes with Data from Lane-Based Loop Detectors
• Microscopic Simulation of Synchronized Flow in Oversaturated City Traffic: Effect of Driver’s Speed Adaptation
• Modeling and Analysis of Lateral Driver Behavior in Lane-Changing Execution
• Modeling Driver Behavior in Work and Nonwork Zones: Multidimensional Psychophysical Car-Following Framework
• Modeling Pedestrian Crowd Exit Choice Through Combining Sources of Stated Preference Data
• Network Traffic Signal Control with Nonconvex Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers Formulations
• Real-Time Travel Time Prediction Framework for Departure Time and Route Advice