01349740

Component

http://www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/165625.aspx

Backups originating from destinations have been observed during evacuation. These backups usually occur due to congestion at the destination network, which results in spillbacks onto the evacuation routes. These spillbacks result in queuing and delays that hamper evacuation operations. This paper presents theoretical proofs for the fundamental flow–speed–concentration relationship and the speed–accumulation relationship (Greenshields, Greenberg, and bell-shaped model) at a network level. These relationships and the relationships between inflow-accumulation and outflow-accumulation at a network level are studied using microscopic simulation. A strategy is developed (called the network breathing strategy) to improve dissipation of vehicles into the destination network using these relationships between network level variables. A comparison of the network breathing strategy to a do-nothing strategy in a simulation network showed a statistically significant increase in the number of vehicles dissipated into the network. This indicates that the application of such strategies on the destination networks would help improve evacuation operations by clearing evacuation routes and reducing queuing.

01349716

English

pp 212-235

2011-6

Transportation Research Circular

Greenshields 75 Symposium

Web

Figures (9) ; References (18)

Evacuation; Flow speed relationships; Macroscopic traffic flow; Traffic congestion; Traffic delays; Traffic flow theory; Traffic models; Traffic queuing

Destinations; Network level models; Spillback effects (Traffic); Traffic networks

Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; I71: Traffic Theory

TRIS, TRB

Aug 15 2011 10:48AM

• A Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram of Urban Traffic: Recent Findings
• A Simple and Pragmatic Representation of Traffic Flow
• A Stochastic Macroscopic Modeling Framework to Interpret the Fundamental Diagram
• Airborne Traffic Flow Data and Traffic Management
• Analysis of LWR Model with Fundamental Diagram Subject to Uncertainty
• Bird’s Eye Perspective on Traffic Flow: New Insights from Observing Traffic from a Helicopter
• Calibrating Speed–Density Functions for Mesoscopic Traffic Simulation
• Calibration of Steady-State Car-Following Models Using Macroscopic Loop Detector Data
• Effect of Lane-Change Maneuvers on a Simplified Car-Following Theory
• Empirical Relation Between Stochastic Capacities and Capacities Obtained from the Speed-Flow Diagram
• From Inductance Loops to Vehicle Trajectories
• Fundamental Diagram for Signalized Arterials: An Empirical Analysis Using High-Resolution Traffic Data
• Fundamental Diagram on Urban Roads: Myth or Truth?
• Greenshields’ Legacy: Highway Traffic
• Greenshields’ Legacy: Urban Streets
• Influence of Various Restrictions on Speed-Flow Models
• Lane-Change Maneuver Detection with Differential Global Positioning System Data from Probe Vehicle
• Measuring Traffic Flow Using Real-Time Data
• Modern Approaches to Basic Traffic Modeling: Three-Phase Traffic Theory
• Quality of Service Beyond the Traditional Fundamental Diagram
• Traffic Flow Prospectives: From Fundamental Diagram to Energy Balance
• Traffic Flow Theory Historical Research Perspectives
• Treiterer’s Legacy: Traffic Flow Measurements and Characteristics