01333219

Component

In the early 20th Century New York City grew rapidly in population and developed area. The subway system also grew rapidly to accommodate this new growth, but also as a concerted effort to decentralize residential population away from lower Manhattan. Using parcel level data this paper explores the co-development of the subway system and residential and commercial land uses using Granger causality models to estimate if transit growth led residential and commercial development or if subway expansion occurred as a reaction to residential and commercial densities. The results suggest that the subway network developed in an orderly fashion and grew densest in areas where residential and commercial development had already occurred. Though the transit system was built before land development in some areas, lagged station densities are weakly correlated with residential and commercial growth. This suggests that new subway stations often opened in areas already served by the system and that network growth often followed residential and commercial development. While the subway network acted as an agent of decentralization, routes and stations were sought in areas with established ridership demand. The implications of land use regulations and transit network density on residential and commercial land uses are discussed.

01329018

11-2113

English

16p

2011

Transportation Research Board 90th Annual Meeting

DVD

Figures (1) ; References (25) ; Tables (3)

History; Land use planning; Population growth; Public transit; Real estate development; Subways

New York (New York)

History; Planning and Forecasting; Public Transportation; I72: Traffic and Transport Planning

Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting 2011 Paper #11-2113

TRIS, TRB

Feb 17 2011 6:03PM