01337823

Component

Growing pressure to limit greenhouse gas emissions is changing the way businesses operate. A model was developed in ArcGIS to evaluate the trade-offs between cost, service quality (represented by time window guarantees), and emissions of urban pickup and delivery systems under these changing pressures. A specific case study involving a real fleet with specific operational characteristics is modeled as an emissions minimization vehicle routing problem with time windows (EVRPTW). Analyses of different external policies and internal operational changes provide insight into the impact of these changes on cost, service quality, and emissions. Specific consideration of the influence of time windows, customer density, and vehicle choice are included. The results show a stable relationship between monetary cost and kilograms of CO2, with each kilogram of CO2 associated with a $3.50 increase in cost, illustrating the influence of fuel use on both cost and emissions. In addition, customer density and time window length are strongly correlated with monetary cost and kilograms of CO2 per order. The addition of 80 customers or extending the time window 100 minutes would save approximately $3.50 and 1 kilogram of CO2 per order. Lastly, the evaluation of four different fleets illustrates significant environmental and monetary gains can be achieved through the use of hybrid vehicles.

01329018

11-1109

English

18p

2011

Transportation Research Board 90th Annual Meeting

DVD

Figures (4) ; References (21) ; Tables (3)

Delivery service; Geographic information systems; Hybrid vehicles; Pickup and delivery service; Pollutants; Routing; Time windows; Urban goods movement

Vehicle routing zones

Environment; Freight Transportation; I15: Environment

Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting 2011 Paper #11-1109

TRIS, TRB

Feb 17 2011 5:41PM