01099252

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/2088-06

http://scholar.google.com...sani&publication_year=2008

The study explores the specifications of microscopic traffic models that could capture congestion dynamics and model accident-prone behaviors on a highway section in greater realism than existing models currently used in practice (commercial software). A comparative assessment of several major acceleration models is conducted, especially for congestion formation and incident modeling. On the basis of this assessment, alternative specifications for car-following and lane-changing models are developed and implemented in a microscopic simulation framework. The models are calibrated and compared for resulting vehicle trajectories and macroscopic flow–density relationships. Experiments are conducted with the models under different degrees of relaxation of the safety constraints typically applied in conjunction with simulation codes used in practice. The ability of the proposed specifications to capture traffic behavior in extreme situations is examined. The results suggest that these specifications offer an improved basis for microscopic traffic simulation for situations that do not require an accident-free environment. As such, the same basic behavior model structure could accommodate both extreme situations (evacuation scenarios, oversaturated networks) as well as normal daily traffic conditions.

01121596

English

pp 45-56

2008

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

9780309126038

Print

Figures (4) ; References (22) ; Tables (7)

Car following; Evacuation; Lane changing; Microscopic traffic flow; Microsimulation; Specifications; Traffic congestion; Traffic flow; Traffic models; Traffic oversaturation; Traffic simulation; Vehicle trajectories

Flow-density relation (Traffic)

Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; I71: Traffic Theory

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Jan 29 2008 5:37PM

• Asymptotic Stability and Vehicle Safety in Dynamic Car-Following Platoon
• Calibrating Car-Following Models by Using Trajectory Data: Methodological Study
• Comparison of Simulation-Based and Model-Based Calibrations of Traffic-Flow Microsimulation Models
• Comparisons of Speed–Spacing Relations Under General Car Following Versus Lane Changing
• Desired Speed Distributions on Two-Lane Highways Under Various Conditions
• Empirical Measurement of Freeway Oscillation Characteristics: An International Comparison
• Empirical Study of Behavioral Theory of Traffic Flow: Analysis of Recurrent Bottleneck
• Estimating Acceleration and Lane-Changing Dynamics from Next Generation Simulation Trajectory Data
• Estimating Individual Speed–Spacing Relationship and Assessing Ability of Newell’s Car-Following Model to Reproduce Trajectories
• Evaluation of Corridor Traffic Management and Planning Strategies That Use Microsimulation: A Case Study
• FASTLANE: New Multiclass First-Order Traffic Flow Model
• Lane Selection Model for Urban Intersections
• Macroscopic Modeling Framework Unifying Kinematic Wave Modeling and Three-Phase Traffic Theory
• Microsimulation Calibration Using Speed–Flow Relationships
• Modeling Driver Behavior as Sequential Risk-Taking Task
• New Behavioral Model for Microscopic Freeway Traffic-Flow Simulation
• On-Ramp Metering Based on Three-Phase Traffic Theory Downstream Off-Ramp and Upstream On-Ramp Bottlenecks
• Oversaturated Freeway Flow Algorithm for Use in Next Generation Simulation
• The Less-Than-Perfect Driver: A Model of Collision-Inclusive Car-Following Behavior
• Use of Microsimulation to Model Day-to-Day Variability of Intersection Performance
• Validity of Trajectory-Based Calibration Approach of Car-Following Models in Presence of Measurement Errors
• What Do Different Traffic Flow Models Mean for System-Optimal Dynamic Traffic Assignment in a Many-to-One Network?