01024621

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/1987-03

http://scholar.google.com...beck&publication_year=2006

In recent years, automobile manufacturers have been producing gasoline-fueled vehicles that have very low tailpipe and evaporative emissions to meet stringent certification standards set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the California Air Resources Board. These extremely low-emitting vehicles are 98% to 99% cleaner than the catalyst-equipped vehicles produced in the mid-1980s. To understand better the emissions characteristics of these extremely low-emitting vehicles, as well as their potential impact on future air quality, researchers at the University of California, Riverside, have conducted a comprehensive study consisting of (a) an emissions measurement program, (b) the development of specific emissions models, and (c) the application of future emissions inventories to air quality models. Results have shown that in nearly all cases, these vehicles have emissions that are well below their stringent certification standards, and the vehicles continue to have low emissions as they age. On the basis of the measurement results, new modal emissions models have been created for both ultra-low-emission-certified vehicles and partial-zero-emission-certified vehicles. The model results compare well with actual measurements. With these models, it is possible to predict accurately future mobile source emissions inventories that will have an increasing number of these extremely low-emitting vehicles in the overall vehicle population. It is expected that the large penetration of these vehicles into the vehicle fleet will have a significant role in meeting ozone attainment levels in many regions.

01042103

English

pp 21-31

2006

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

0309099978

Print

Figures (9) ; References (10) ; Tables (1)

Air quality; Air quality management; Emission control devices; Emission control systems; Exhaust gases; Exhaust pipes; Measurement

Emissions inventories; Emissions models; Low emission vehicles

Energy; Environment; Highways; Vehicles and Equipment; I15: Environment

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Mar 3 2006 10:43AM

• Air Quality Measurements Inside Diesel Truck Cabs During Long-Term Idling
• Cleaner Buses for Mexico City, Mexico: From Talk to Reality
• Comparison of Real-World Fuel Use and Emissions for Dump Trucks Fueled with B20 Biodiesel Versus Petroleum Diesel
• Development of the Traffic Air Quality Simulation Model
• Driver and Road Type Effects on Light-Duty Gas and Particulate Emissions
• Energy and Environmental Impacts of Roadway Grades
• Evaluation of Emissions from New and In-Use Transit Buses in Mexico City, Mexico
• Impact of Electronic Toll Collection and Electronic Screening on Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions
• Measuring Impacts of High-Occupancy-Vehicle Lane Operations on Light-Duty-Vehicle Emissions: Experimental Study with Instrumented Vehicles
• Methodology for Evaluating Mobile Source Air Toxic Emissions: Transportation Project Alternatives
• New Methodology for Development of Regional Vehicle-Mapping Tables for MOBILE Emissions Model
• Proposed Road Pollution Alert System Based on Lagrangian Wall Model
• Speed- and Facility-Specific Emission Estimates for On-Road Light-Duty Vehicles on the Basis of Real-World Speed Profiles
• Ultrafine Particle Number Concentrations from Hybrid Urban Transit Buses: Onboard Single-Diameter Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Measurements
• Variability of Mobile Source Air Toxic Emissions Factors with MOBILE6.2
• Variability of Personal Exposure to Fine Particulates for Urban Commuters Inside Automobiles