00818724

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/1750-05

http://scholar.google.com...mark&publication_year=2001

Air pollution from motor vehicles is an acute urban problem in many rapidly developing countries. Air quality monitoring in Israel has both demonstrated the severity of the problem in Israel and identified transportation emissions to be the major contributor to its etiology. Currently, a major concern is the high level of nitrogen oxide nonattainment in Tel Aviv. Thousands of nitrogen oxide violations are recorded there every year. This pollution both affects the local population and provides the driving factor behind the ozone formation downwind in Jerusalem and the West Bank. This paper presents the innovative effort to compile varying streams of data to create an urban vehicle emissions inventory for the city of Tel Aviv. The inventory provides an excellent understanding of the relative contributions of four air pollutants between and within each vehicle cluster. The major findings are that, of total urban vehicle emissions, cars purchased before 1993, when catalytic converters became mandatory, produce 60% of carbon monoxide and 55% of hydrocarbon emissions. City buses produce 67% of nitrogen oxide and 39% of particulate matter emissions. Trucks and taxis each contribute about an eighth of total nitrogen oxide and a quarter of total particulate matter emissions. The major policy direction suggested by these findings is diesel fleet vehicle mitigation. In short, an effective approach is presented for industrializing nations to quickly assess their mobile pollution sources, and the foundation data are compiled for further mobile-source analyses in Israel.

This paper appears in Transportation Research Record No. 1750, Energy, Air Quality, and Fuels 2001.

English

p. 40-48

2001

Transportation Research Record

0309072115

Figures (5) ; References (10) ; Tables (5)

Aged drivers; Air pollution; Automobiles; Carbon monoxide; Data collection; Developing countries; Diesel engine exhaust gases; Environmental policy; Evaluation and assessment; Exhaust gases; Hydrocarbons; Inventory; Methodology; Motor vehicles; Nitrogen oxides; Ozone; Particulates; Taxicabs; Transit buses; Trucks

Israel; Tel Aviv (Israel)

Environment; Freight Transportation; Highways; Motor Carriers; Policy; Vehicles and Equipment

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Sep 28 2001 12:00AM

• ANALYSIS OF AGGREGATION EFFECTS IN VEHICULAR EMISSION ESTIMATION
• CORRECTIONS TO MILEAGE ACCUMULATION RATES FOR OLDER VEHICLES AND THE EFFECT ON AIR POLLUTION EMISSIONS
• DESIGN AND ADMINISTRATION OF ACCELERATED VEHICLE RETIREMENT PROGRAMS IN NORTH AMERICA AND ABROAD
• EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF POLICIES TO PROMOTE ALTERNATIVE FUEL VEHICLES
• MICROSCOPIC MODEL OF AIR POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS: COMPARISON OF SIMULATED RESULTS WITH MEASURED AND MACROSCOPIC ESTIMATES
• MODELING SOAK-TIME DISTRIBUTION OF TRIPS FOR MOBILE SOURCE EMISSIONS FORECASTING: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS
• PARTNERSHIP FOR A NEW GENERATION OF VEHICLES' FUEL ECONOMY GOAL: EVALUATION OF TRADE-OFFS ALONG THE PATH
• RECENT VALIDATION EFFORTS FOR A COMPREHENSIVE MODAL EMISSIONS MODEL
• SHARED, SMALL, BATTERY-POWERED ELECTRIC CARS AS A COMPONENT OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY