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Title:

CHEMICO-OSMOSIS VERSUS DIFFUSION-OSMOSIS

Accession Number:

00607746

Record Type:

Component

Availability:

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Order URL: http://worldcat.org/isbn/0309050642

Abstract:

During the 1960s it became widely recognized that chemico-osmsis is a mechanism by which chemical gradients cause groundwater to move from dilute to more concentrated pore-fluid solutions and is most effective in densely compacted materials of high exchange capacity. Evidence has been accumulating since about 1970 that an additional mechanism may cause groundwater movement in response to chemical gradients and reactions. Some data show that the direction of soil-pore-fluid movement in response to a concentration gradient is opposite to that of chemico-osmosis. Other data suggest that chemically induced groundwater movement may be significant not only in densely compacted materials of high exchange capacity but also in poorly consolidated materials of low exchange capacity. Laboratory evidence is reviewed for the additional mechanism and include recent data on loosely compacted kaolinite and an undistrubed sample of claystone. The additional mechanism appears to be diffusion-osmosis (i.e., the convection, or drag, of bulk pore fluid by the diffusion of solute species). It is suggested that electro-osmosis is a special case of diffusion-osmosis where pore fluid moves in response to the migration of solute species caused by an externally imposed electrical potential gradient.

Supplemental Notes:

This paper appears in Transportation Research Record No. 1288, Geotechnical Engineering 1990. Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved

Monograph Accession #:

01411083

Authors:

Olsen, Harold W
Yearsley, Elliot N
Nelson, Karl R

Pagination:

p. 15-22

Publication Date:

1990

Serial:

Transportation Research Record

Issue Number: 1288
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISSN: 0361-1981

ISBN:

0309050642

Features:

Figures (12) ; References (18)

Old TRIS Terms:

Subject Areas:

Geotechnology; Highways; I42: Soil Mechanics

Files:

TRIS, TRB

Created Date:

Apr 30 1991 12:00AM

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