00376568

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http://onlinepubs.trb.org...s/trr/1983/898/898-051.pdf

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A substantial number of the roads in Norway carry low traffic volumes. Most of these roads were unpaved 15-20 years ago. Today the gravel surface is partly replaced by low-cost surface dressings and premixes after only minor structural strengthening of the roads. The economic and technical requirements for the replacement surfacings are (a) the investment should be earned back in a few years through reduced maintenance costs and (b) the road user should find the riding quality comparable to that of ordinary hard-top surfacings. One of the most common and successful types of replacement surfacings, a gravel seal that has been named "Otta surfacing", is described. Otta surfacing is a 10- to 30-mm-thick bituminous surface dressing for which graded gravel is used as covering. The binder is an ordinary liquid asphalt or a special cationic emulsion that contains 1 percent fatty amine to improve the adhesion between the moist mineral surface and the bitumen. The quality and grading requirements of the covering aggregates are normally the same as for the base. The covering aggregate has to be screened and sometimes crushed. After a minor strengthening and reshaping of the road, the bitumen and covering aggregates are spread with standard equipment. The Otta surfacing has proved to be a technically and economically sound way of improving the quality of low-volume roads in Norway. More than 10,000 km of roads have been given this type of surfacing in the past 20 years. Otta surfacing has also been introduced in several other countries. Service life and performance depend heavily on local conditions. On the average, resurfacing has been needed after 8 years (double surface dressing) and total road costs have been less than costs for gravel surfacings. (Author)

Publication of this paper sponsored by Committee on Low-Volume Roads. Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved

00380954

N908

pp 333-335

1983

Transportation Research Record

Third International Conference on Low-Volume Roads

0309035112

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Figures (2) ; Photos (1) ; Tables (1)

Adhesion; Amines; Binders; Bituminous materials; Coarse aggregates; Emulsions; Gravel; Liquid asphalt; Low volume roads; Maintenance management; Riding qualities; Savings; Seal coats; Seals (Devices); Securing and joining equipment; Service life; Surface treating

Maintenance costs

Design; Geotechnology; Highways; Maintenance and Preservation; I61: Equipment and Maintenance Methods

TRIS, TRB

Aug 30 1983 12:00AM