00222656

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http://onlinepubs.trb.org...s/hrr/1967/195/195-006.pdf

THE PRESENT DESIGN OF AUTOMOTIVE BRAKING SYSTEMS REQUIRES THE DRIVER TO MOVE HIS LEG TO ANOTHER CONTROL AND ACTUATE IT. IN ADDITION, THE LEG /THE SLOWEST BODY MEMBER/ IS ALSO ALLOCATED THE ACCELERATION TASK AND THESE TWO TASKS ARE PERFORMED ON SEPARATE CONTROLS. A SIMPLE REACTION TIME EXPERIMENT UNDER FOUR DIFFERENT CONDITIONS SHOWED THE CONSIDERABLE IMPROVEMENT /A REDUCTION OF 0.2 SEC/ THAT CAN BE MADE OVER THE EXISTING PROCEDURE WITH SUCH A MINOR CHANGE AS DESIGNING THE BRAKE TO BE ACTUATED BY THE LEFT FOOT. A HAND-OPERATED BRAKE ACTUATED BY SQUEEZING A PORTION OF THE STEERING WHEEL WOULD ALSO REDUCE REACTION TIME BY 0.2 SECOND. AT 30 MPH THIS IS EQUIVALENT TO 9 FT AND AT 60 MPH, 18 FT. THE PRIMARY DISADVANTAGE OF SEPARATE CONTROLS IS THE PHYSICAL DISTANCE SEPARATING THEM. A DEVICE WHICH COMBINED BOTH CONTROLS WOULD ELIMINATE THE TIME REQUIRED TO MOVE BETWEEN THE CONTROLS, AND THE POSSIBILITY OF MOVING AND MISSING THE OTHER CONTROL. A COMBINED BRAKE AND ACCELERATOR PEDAL WAS OBTAINED. PRESSING WITH THE TOE ACTIVATES THE ACCELERATOR AND DEPRESSING THE HEEL ACTIVATES THE BRAKE. AN INTERLOCK PREVENTS SIMULTANEOUS OPERATION. REACTION TIMES WERE PLOTTED VS AGE OF SUBJECTS FOR BOTH TYPES OF CONTROLS. IT IS FELT THAT THIS COMBINED CONTROL PROBABLY SHOULD BE INSTALLED ALONG WITH THE CONVENTIONAL BRAKE PEDAL.

Paper sponsored by Committee on Road User Characteristics and presented at the 46th Annual Meeting. Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

01410145

Krendel, E S; Uhlaner, J E; O'Connell, Robert C; Konz, Stephan; Daccarrett, Jose

p. 75-82

1967

Highway Research Record

Print

Figures (1) ; References (7) ; Tables (2)

Accelerators (Devices); Age; Automobiles; Brakes; Braking; Control; Design; Drivers; Experiments; Leg; Parking brakes; Reaction time

Design; Highways; Safety and Human Factors; Vehicles and Equipment

TRIS, TRB

Feb 2 2003 12:00AM

• DRIVER CHARACTERISTICS AT INTERSECTIONS
• ESTIMATION OF VEHICULAR VELOCITY UNDER TIME LIMITATION AND RESTRICTED CONDITIONS OF OBSERVATION
• KNOWLEDGE OF ONCOMING CAR SPEED AS A DETERMINER OF DRIVER'S PASSING BEHAVIOR
• NORMATIVE MODEL FOR CONTROL OF VEHICLE TRAJECTORY IN AN EMERGENCY MANEUVER
• THE ATTENTIONAL DEMAND OF AUTOMOBILE DRIVING
• THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SHORT INDIVIDUAL DRIVER IMPROVEMENT SESSIONS