01705176

Component

https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198119848416

Deer–vehicle crashes (DVCs) continue to be a problem in the United States, with 1.2?million such crashes occurring annually. DVCs are a particular issue on two-lane rural highways in Michigan, accounting for more than 60% of crashes. Such a high proportion of DVCs limits the transferability of existing safety models, including those found in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM), that are often based on data from states with considerably lower proportions of deer crashes. To counter this, a cross-sectional analysis of deer crashes was performed using data from Michigan. The data were analyzed across four categories of rural two-lane roadways, including: state highways, federal aid county roadways, non-federal aid county roadways, and unpaved (gravel) county roadways. Mixed effects negative binomial regression models utilizing spatial and temporal random effects were generated separately for each of the rural two-lane roadway types. Results showed speed-related factors, including lane width, shoulder width, horizontal curvature, and peak level of service, had a significant effect on DVC occurrence for most types of rural two-lane roadways in Michigan. Wider lanes were associated with a greater occurrence of deer crashes, perhaps because of higher prevailing travel speeds. Conversely, horizontal curves with design speeds lower than the statutory speed limit were associated with fewer deer crashes, perhaps because of lower travel speeds through curves. Wider shoulders, which afford greater separation between the travel lanes and the roadside, were found to have significantly lower deer crash occurrence. The number of available hunting licenses did not have a consistent effect on DVCs.

19-02361

English

pp 214-224

2019-10

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

Digital/other

Figures (3) ; References (33) ; Tables (8)

Animal vehicle crashes; Crash causes; Deer; Highway curves; Highway safety; Regression analysis; Rural highways; Speed; Traffic lanes; Two lane highways; Width

Michigan

Environment; Highways; Safety and Human Factors

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Apr 16 2019 3:15PM