01663070

Component

https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198118798729

The use of a driving simulator as a tool to evaluate secondary task performance elicits the question of simulator validity. After upgrading an existing driving simulator from a medium-fidelity to a high-fidelity configuration with a new software environment, a study was run to benchmark this simulator against previously published highway-driving data. A primary goal was to assess relative and absolute validity in a simulated highway environment. Data from 72 participants who performed manual and voice-based contact dialing tasks with a center-stack-mounted smartphone in either the driving simulator or driving on the highway in one of two vehicles is considered. This analysis compared secondary task demand between the simulator and on-road vehicles by primarily considering driver off-road glance behavior. Mean total eyes-off-road time, mean single-glance duration, and the number of long off-road glances showed similar patterns relative to the manual versus voice-based tasks in the simulator and the two on-road vehicles. A driving performance metric, percentage change of standard deviation of velocity, showed differing results between the simulator and on-road vehicles. It is concluded that these data make a strong argument for relative validity, and in some cases absolute validity, for this simulator for studying glance behavior associated with in-vehicle devices under a highway-driving scenario.

18-06135

English

pp 164-171

2018-12

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

Digital/other

Figures (5) ; References (22)

Driver performance; Driving simulators; Evaluation and assessment; Eye movements; Field studies; Multitasking; Smartphones; Validity

Highways; Safety and Human Factors

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Jan 8 2018 11:35AM

• Bicycling Simulator Calibration: Proposed Framework
• Comparison of Self-Declared Mobile Use While Driving in Canada, the United States, and Europe: Results from the European Survey of Road Users’ Safety Attitudes
• Driver’s Visual Performance in Rear-End Collision Avoidance Process under the Influence of Cell Phone Use
• Electrophysiological Measure of Impaired Information Processing in Drivers with Hematological Malignancy
• Evaluation of Downstream Merge Behaviors Resulting from Driver Lane Choice: A Driving Simulator Study
• Exploring the Relationship between Electroencephalography (EEG) and Ordinary Driving Behavior: A Simulated Driving Study
• Field Study of Driver Exiting Behavior at Complex Interchanges
• Impact of Distracted Drivers on Individual and Group Behavior of Following Vehicles: A Networked Multi-Driver Simulator Study
• In-Vehicle Passing Collision Warning System for Two-Lane Highways Considering Driver Characteristics
• Investigation of Time and Speed Perception using a Driving Simulator
• Models of Human Decision-Making as Tools for Estimating and Optimizing Impacts of Vehicle Automation
• Multi-Level Driver Workload Prediction using Machine Learning and Off-the-Shelf Sensors
• Prevalence of Engagement in Single versus Multiple Types of Secondary Tasks: Results from the Naturalistic Engagement in Secondary Task (NEST) Dataset
• The Challenge of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems Assessment: A Scale for the Assessment of the Human–Machine Interface of Advanced Driver Assistance Technology
• The Effects of Voice System Design Components on Driver Workload
• Variations in Driver Behavior: An Analysis of Car-Following Behavior Heterogeneity as a Function of Road Type and Traffic Condition
• Voice Control Tasks on Cognitive Workload and Driving Performance: Implications of Modality, Difficulty, and Duration