01477042

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/2386-11

http://scholar.google.com...tler&publication_year=2013

In recent years, the reduction of injury crashes has been heralded as a great success. Improvements in federally mandated safety standards and advancements made by automotive industries to enhance vehicle safety can be partially credited with the decline. Now the national strategy on highway safety is to move toward zero deaths. From this vision zero perspective, one of the appropriate strategies is to manage kinetic energy in crashes and collisions—that is, to minimize the energy transferred to the human body—because the kinetic energy is responsible for occupant injuries and fatalities. Vehicle damage conditions are an unbiased indicator of kinetic energy in collisions, and injury severity is the ultimate measure of occupant risk. In this study, vehicle damage and occupant injury models were developed for single-vehicle and multiple-vehicle crashes. The results of these models provide a complete view of crash severity determinants and how they affect occupant injuries and vehicle damage. Some factors have a consistent impact across both injury severity and vehicle damage; others are contradictory. Combining information from both occupants and vehicles is valuable for an impartial evaluation of specific components in highway design; this combining also provides an accurate assessment of the impacts of occupant characteristics, driver behavior, and error on the resulting bodily injuries.

01514599

13-2072

English

pp 95–102

2013

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

9780309287036

Print

References (22) ; Tables (4)

Crash injuries; Crash severity; Fatalities; Injury severity; Occupant kinetics; Traffic crashes; Vehicle occupants

Vehicle damage

Data and Information Technology; Highways; Safety and Human Factors; I80: Accident Studies; I84: Personal Injuries

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Feb 5 2013 12:28PM

• Application of Stochastic Gradient Boosting Technique to Enhance Reliability of Real-Time Risk Assessment: Use of Automatic Vehicle Identification and Remote Traffic Microwave Sensor Data
• Assessment of Exposure Proxies for Macroscopic Road Safety Prediction
• Crash Databases in Australasia, the European Union, and the United States: Review and Prospects for Improvement
• Developing Truck Corridor Crash Severity Index
• Effects of Public Rest Areas on Fatigue-Related Crashes
• Evaluation of Postencroachment Time as Surrogate for Opposing Left-Turn Crashes
• Evolutionary Game Theoretic Approach to Rear-End Events on Congested Freeway
• Examining Heterogeneity of Driver Behavior with Temporal and Spatial Factors
• Exploring Behavioral Responses of Motorists to Risk-Based Charging Mechanisms
• Feasibility of Incorporating Reliability Analysis in Traffic Safety Investigation
• Full Bayes Before-and-After Evaluation of Traffic Safety Improvements in City of Edmonton, Canada
• Hot-Spot Identification: Categorical Binary Model Approach
• Identification of Crash-Contributing Factors: Effects of Spatial Autocorrelation and Sample Data Size
• Identifying Primary and Secondary Crashes from Spatiotemporal Crash Impact Analysis
• Motion Prediction Methods for Surrogate Safety Analysis
• On-Duty Struck-By Crashes: Characteristics and Contributing Factors
• Safety and Operational Benefits of Variable Speed Limits Under Different Traffic Conditions and Driver Compliance Levels
• Safety Evaluation of Horizontal Curves on Rural Undivided Roads
• Screening Naturalistic Driving Study Data for Safety-Critical Events
• Surrogate Safety Measure for Simulation-Based Conflict Study