01366451

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/2316-12

http://scholar.google.com...mdar&publication_year=2012

Prevailing traffic conditions affect highway safety and the processes by which drivers perceive a stimulus, evaluate it, and execute a corresponding driving maneuver. Several efforts have been made to use microscopic traffic simulation for evaluating highway safety. However, these efforts faced serious challenges because previous acceleration and lane-changing models had been built in an accident-free environment with different layers of safety constraints. A new approach relies on a cognitive risk-based microscopic model to study the relationship between prevailing traffic conditions and the risk experienced by drivers in a traffic stream. The model can consider accidents endogenously through lane-changing logic and provide an indicator of relative roadway safety as experienced by drivers. Six scenarios are simulated. The results show the importance of lane changing to understanding accident and near-accident occurrence in simulation models. A risk value comparison reveals that work zone bottlenecks have a greater impact on drivers’ risk-taking tendencies than bottlenecks caused by uphill grades.

01474809

12-2988

English

pp 106–113

2012

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

9780309263221

Print

Figures; References; Tables

Bottlenecks; Decision making; Drivers; Highway safety; Lane changing; Microsimulation; Risk taking; Traffic congestion; Traffic safety; Traffic simulation

Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Safety and Human Factors; I71: Traffic Theory; I73: Traffic Control; I83: Accidents and the Human Factor

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Feb 8 2012 5:13PM

• Agent-Based Framework for Modeling Gap Acceptance Behavior of Drivers Turning Left at Signalized Intersections
• Calibration of Pedestrian Simulation Model for Emergency Doors by Pedestrian Type
• Development of Microscopic Traffic Simulation Model for Safety Assessment at Signalized Intersections
• Driver Anticipation in Car Following
• Driving Behavior in Emergency Situations: Psychospacing Modeling Approach
• Dynamic Simulation Assignment Model for Pedestrian Movements in Crowded Networks
• Exit Choice Decisions During Pedestrian Evacuations of Buildings
• Influence of Midblock Pedestrian Crossings on Urban Street Capacity
• Integrated Lane Change Model with Relaxation and Synchronization
• Modeling Concepts for Mixed Traffic: Steps Toward a Microscopic Simulation Tool for Shared Space Zones
• Modeling Driver, Driver Support, and Cooperative Systems with Dynamic Optimal Control
• Numerical Analysis for Adaptive Traffic Simulation
• Phase Transition Model Based on Driver Reaction Time and Sensitivity
• Simplified Model for Pedestrian–Vehicle Interactions at Road Crossings Based on Discrete Events System