01340371

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/2234-11

http://scholar.google.com...Burd&publication_year=2011

Collective egress comes into play during emergencies such as natural disasters or terrorist attacks, when rapid egress is essential for escape. An important aspect of collective egress under emergency conditions is the turning movement when a sudden change in the direction or the layout of the escape area occurs. Previous case studies of crowd disasters have highlighted the importance of such turning movements; however, both qualitative and quantitative studies seldom address this phenomenon specifically for emergency and panic situations. The paucity of complementary data on human panic presents a considerable challenge to undertaking quantitative analysis. The study described in this paper uses empirical data from real-life video footage of a crowd stampede and from panicking ants, paired with a simulation model, to demonstrate how potential problems and consequences of turning movements during collective dynamics can be studied. With this modeling tool, it may be possible to develop evacuation strategies and design solutions that can prevent stampedes and trampling, which occur when large groups of people try to escape from confined spaces where escape path directions abruptly change.

01362330

11-1710

English

pp 97-104

2011

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

9780309167529

Print

Figures (7) ; Photos (4) ; References (20)

Behavior; Crowds; Emergencies; Evacuation; Pedestrian flow; Pedestrians; Strategic planning; Traffic simulation

Ants; Egress; Turning movements

Pedestrians and Bicyclists; Planning and Forecasting; Security and Emergencies; I72: Traffic and Transport Planning

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Feb 17 2011 5:53PM

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