01658473

Component

https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198118782251

https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198118782251

One of the most common circumstances contributing to pedestrian crashes is drivers failing to yield to pedestrians in crosswalks. A better understanding of driver yielding behavior can help identify optimal safety treatments to improve driver yielding and prevent pedestrian injuries and fatalities. Recognizing this need, this study observed driver yielding behavior at 20 uncontrolled intersections along two-lane arterial and collector roadways with posted speed limits of 25 or 30 miles per hour in Milwaukee, Wisconsin during weekday afternoon peak travel periods in fall 2016. The naturalistic observations showed that drivers yielded 60 times out of 364 opportunities when the pedestrian wished to cross (16% driver yielding rate). Yielding rates differed between intersections, ranging from a high of 60% to a low of 0%. A binary logistic model showed that drivers were more likely to yield to pedestrians when the major roadway had a lower speed limit or less traffic; when the intersection had a shorter crossing distance or a bus stop; and when the pedestrian was White, standing in the street, or acting assertively. Finally, all else equal, intersections with no reported pedestrian crashes in the last 5 years had higher driver yielding rates than intersections with at least two reported pedestrian crashes. While this exploratory study is based on a small sample of observations, it supports several engineering, education, and enforcement strategies and provides suggestions for future studies of driver yielding behavior.

18-05812

English

pp 21-32

2018

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

Print

Figures; Maps; References (39) ; Tables

Crosswalks; Drivers; Pedestrian safety; Pedestrians; Persons by race and ethnicity; Speed limits; Unsignalized intersections; Yielding

Exploratory studies; Low speed

Milwaukee (Wisconsin)

Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Pedestrians and Bicyclists; Planning and Forecasting; Society

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Jan 8 2018 11:29AM

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• Equitable Access to Services in Large-Scale Pedestrian Facilities
• Exploration of Pedestrian Assertiveness and Its Association with Driver Yielding Behavior at Uncontrolled Crosswalks
• Influence of Advanced Placement of the In-Street Sign Gateway on Distance of Yielding from the Crosswalk
• Influence of the Built Environment on the Spatiotemporal Variation of Pedestrian Collision in Seoul: An Application of Big Data
• Making Strides: State of the Practice of Pedestrian Forecasting in Regional Travel Models
• Pedestrian Behavior at Signalized Intersection Crosswalks: Observational Study of Factors Associated with Distracted Walking, Pedestrian Violations, and Walking Speed
• Simulation Modeling of Pedestrian Performance in the New Synchronized and Milwaukee B Interchanges versus Existing Designs
• The Role of Accessibility to Public Transport and Quality of Walking Environment on Urban Equity: The Case of Santiago de Chile
• Validation of an Agent-based Microscopic Pedestrian Simulation Model at the Pedestrian Walkway of Brooklyn Bridge
• Walkability in the Connected and Automated Vehicle Era: A U.S. Perspective on Research Needs
• Walkability: Which Measure to Choose, Where to Measure It, and How?
• What Are the Most Important Factors for Pedestrian Level-of-Service Estimation? A Systematic Review of the Literature