01518610

Component

https://doi.org/10.3141/2432-14

http://scholar.google.com...Rupp&publication_year=2014

The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act requires a new emphasis on measurement of serious injuries in crashes. Current practice in states that measure serious injuries is to use the police-reported injury severity of A (suspected serious injury) to define serious injury. However, serious injury is more appropriately defined as a medical diagnosis. The biggest challenge to using a medical diagnosis as the definition of serious injury is that medical outcome data are typically not part of a state crash data set. The most comprehensive solution to this challenge is to link state crash databases with state trauma registries. However, for most states, data linkage is still many years away. This paper discusses sampling medical records as an interim solution. Sampling approaches are discussed, and a stratified sampling approach is recommended. Optimal allocation of a sample provides a framework for determining the proportion of cases to sample from each subgroup, and the desired precision of the estimate and the cost per sample determine the number of cases that should be sampled. A roadmap for developing a stratified sampling plan is presented as is a hypothetical numerical example that uses data from Michigan. Sampling as an interim solution has several advantages, including comparability, progress toward comprehensive linkage, and scalability. Logistical challenges, costs of sampling, and privacy considerations are also discussed. Although sampling is not free, it represents an important way to move ahead with the necessary step of enabling measurement of serious injuries by using a diagnosis-based definition.

01543149

14-5195

English

pp 118–123

2014

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

9780309295208

Print

References (14) ; Tables (2)

Injury severity; Medical records; Outcome (Medical treatment); States; Statistical sampling; Traffic crash victims

Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act

Michigan; United States

Data and Information Technology; Highways; Safety and Human Factors; I81: Accident Statistics; I84: Personal Injuries

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Jan 27 2014 3:49PM

• Advancing Safety Performance Monitoring at Signalized Intersections Through Use of Connected Vehicle Technology
• Analyzing the Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale in Vehicle Crashes by Using a Logistic Normal Model
• Assessing the Effect of Weather States on Crash Severity and Type by Use of Full Bayesian Multivariate Safety Models
• Can Microsimulation Be Used to Estimate Intersection Safety? Case Studies Using VISSIM and Paramics
• Daily Collision Prediction with SARIMAX and Generalized Linear Models on the Basis of Temporal and Weather Variables
• Derivation of a New Surrogate Measure of Crash Severity
• Evaluating Spatial-Proximity Structures in Crash Prediction Models at the Level of Traffic Analysis Zones
• Geographic Information System–Based Community-Level Method to Evaluate the Influence of Built Environment on Traffic Crashes
• Identification of Secondary Crashes on a Large-Scale Highway System
• Limiting Driveway Access at Intersections: Sample Application of Value-of-Research Evaluation
• Linking Police and Hospital Road Accident Records: How Consistent Can It Be?
• Modeling the Impact of Subject and Opponent Vehicles on Crash Severity in Two-Vehicle Collisions
• Patterns of Single-Vehicle Crashes on Two-Lane Rural Highways in Granada Province, Spain: In-Depth Analysis Through Decision Rules
• Use of Structural Equation Modeling to Measure Severity of Single-Vehicle Crashes
• Use of Support Vector Machine Models for Real-Time Prediction of Crash Risk on Urban Expressways
• Validation of the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model for Assessment of Intersection Safety