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Title:

Simulating the Environmental Effects of Isolated and Area-wide Traffic Calming Schemes Using Traffic Simulation and Microscopic Emission Modeling

Accession Number:

01475365

Record Type:

Component

Availability:

Transportation Research Board Business Office

500 Fifth Street, NW
Washington, DC 20001 United States

Abstract:

This study focuses on the development of a microscopic traffic and emission simulation system which aims at quantifying the effects of different types of traffic calming measures on vehicle emissions both at a link-level and at a network-level. It also investigates the effects of isolated traffic-calming measures at a corridor level and area-wide calming schemes, using a scenario analysis. The study is set in Montreal, Canada where a traffic simulation model for a dense urban neighborhood is extended with capabilities for microscopic emission estimation. The results indicate that on average, isolated calming measures increase carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by 1.50%, 0.33%, and 1.45%, respectively across the entire network. Area-wide schemes result in a percentage increase of 3.84% for CO2, 1.22% for CO, and 2.18% for NOx. Along specific corridors where traffic calming measures were simulated, increases in emissions of up to 83% were observed. These increases are mainly associated with a change in vehicle drive-cycles through increased accelerations and decelerations. The authors also account for the effect of different measures on traffic volumes and observe moderate decreases in areas that have undergone traffic calming. In spite of traffic flow reductions, total emissions do increase. Finally, they observe that speed bumps result in higher emission levels than speed humps.

Supplemental Notes:

This paper was sponsored by TRB committee ADC20 Transportation and Air Quality.

Monograph Accession #:

01470560

Report/Paper Numbers:

13-1329

Language:

English

Corporate Authors:

Transportation Research Board

500 Fifth Street, NW
Washington, DC 20001 United States

Authors:

Ghafghazi, Golnaz
Hatzopoulou, Marianne

Pagination:

14p

Publication Date:

2013

Conference:

Transportation Research Board 92nd Annual Meeting

Location: Washington DC, United States
Date: 2013-1-13 to 2013-1-17
Sponsors: Transportation Research Board

Media Type:

Digital/other

Features:

Figures; Maps; References; Tables

Geographic Terms:

Montreal (Canada)

Subject Areas:

Energy; Environment; Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Planning and Forecasting; I15: Environment; I72: Traffic and Transport Planning

Source Data:

Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting 2013 Paper #13-1329

Files:

TRIS, TRB, ATRI

Created Date:

Feb 5 2013 12:21PM